Mining ExperimentsEarly Mines Research Group
Hammer-stones - hand held crushing implements from Copa Hill, Cwmystwyth

Mining experiments have been carried out over a number of years at Cwmystwyth.

Fire-setting has been used to break up the rock and antler tools and reconstructed hafted stone hammers to mine a small area of mineral vein.

After some half dozen experiments the ratio of wood fuel used to amount of rock mined (kg) was found to have improved considerably (1:2).

Fire-setting
Antler tools

Antler tools used to break up the rock

reconstructed hafted stone hammers

Beach cobbles some 1-2 kilos in weight have been slightly notched and hafted using twisted hazel sticks (withies) and rawhide fastenings.

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